Muscle Plastic Operations for Facial Paralysis

Facial paralysis for the plastic surgeon.

Facial paralysis presents a significant and challenging reconstructive problem for plastic surgeons. An aesthetically pleasing and acceptable outcome requires not only good surgical skills and techniques, but also knowledge of facial nerve anatomy and an understanding of the causes of facial paralysis.The loss of the ability to move the face has both social and functional consequences for the p...

Angular measurement for determining muscle tonus in facial paralysis.

BACKGROUND the decrease of facial movements in peripheral facial paralysis and the resulting aesthetical sequels may have important emotional repercussions as a consequence to the functional deficit, and depending on the intensity of the clinical condition. Orofacial rehabilitation has as a purpose to favor the recovery of orofacial movements and to adequate and/or adapt orofacial functions and...

Translocation of the temporalis muscle for treatment of facial paralysis.

Our purpose was to characterize in the rhesus monkey the structure and function of vascularized temporalis muscle flaps innervated by the facial nerve after translocation into the site of the denervated zygomaticus muscle. Animals were killed at 28 to 120 days following translocation. Control data were obtained from the contralateral side. Twenty-eight days after translocation, the time to reac...

Multiple muscle substitution for correction of facial paralysis.

The effects of masseter muscle paralysis on facial bone growth.

BACKGROUND Understanding the effects of muscle function on facial bone growth may help us treat children with facial anomalies. Facial bone growth is known to be a result of both genetic and epigenetic influences. One of the main epigenetic factors controlling growth is thought to be muscle action. The purpose of this study was to establish a model of single facial muscle paralysis and to ident...